Truss Design and Analysis essays

Bracket Design and Analysis articles Our five introductory structures comprised of one with two triangulated cantilevered bars with one pressure bar, another that was a three pole symmetrical pyramid, the third was a triangular cantilevered bar with a strain pole and side help poles at the divider, another had three triangulated cantilevered bars with one strain bar, and the fifth was a simply 2-D right triangle support. Each gathering part picked a plan that he needed to enhance. The ones picked were the ones every one of us at first concocted. We actually definitely realized the ones we needed to take a stab at ANSYS so the other two were made only for section 1 of the undertaking. We decided to additionally explore the one with two triangulated cantilevered bars with one pressure pole, the one that had three triangulated cantilevered bars with one strain bar, and the one with a triangular cantilevered pillar with a strain bar and side help poles at the divider. This was one of our most essential support plans for the challenge. The idea of the structure was straightforwardness and minimization of welds. It was at first idea that the disappointment would happen at one of the bind welds in this way if the quantity of welds was constrained there would be less possibility of disappointment. At first the bracket was made in ANSYS with simply the 3 primary bars from the divider to the stacked tip. Level and vertical burdens were applied to the tip and the framework was fathomed. The pressure and diversion were broke down cross-individuals were included the focal point of the bars. The reenactment was tackled again and reanalyzed and cross-individuals were again included at 25 and 75 percent of the length of the primary bars. The cross individuals were utilized to forestall the locking in the focal point of the shafts by restricting the permitted redirection. With the three cross-part frameworks set up, the support was settled and the diversion and stresses were estimated. In the wake of looking at the outcomes from every one of the designs, it was resolved that including the cross-individuals... <!

In Support of Liberalism In Harry Potter Essay

In the arrangement of books expounded on Harry Potter by J. K. Rowling, radicalism and social liberties are a significant purpose of concern. In the early books, there are implications to the possibility that various sorts of individuals, wizards, ought to be dealt with in an unexpected way. There are immediate end products between the Harry Potter books and the 1960s social equality development, just as the present battle for gay rights. Each subject concerns separation: singular rights that ought to be secured by law and the continuous battle to guarantee those rights. â€Å"To separate intends to treat an individual or a gathering of individuals seriously on account of who they are† (Graf). Harry Potter experienced an extraordinary move in social equality; from all people having a similar insurance to a seriously biased and smothered society and back once more. Changes in social liberties are not commonly so outrageous, for the most part being increasingly developmental, yet the idea of equity under the law identifies with the genuine world’s progressing fight for singular opportunity. The second book of the arrangement, Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets, acquainted the peruser with house mythical beings. Seriously smothered and controlled, this group of the wizarding scene had no rights and numerous duties. Dobby is a house mythical person claimed by the Malfoy family and they treated him like with evident disdain and partiality. Dobby was a captive to the Malfoy’s, not permitted pieces of clothing to wear, and beaten and manhandled. This is like the state of dark slaves in the United States through the common war. In any event, allowing African-Americans their opportunity didn't change the public’s discernment that their race was not as much as Caucasians. Dobby’s circumstance was significantly increasingly articulated as he was constrained to rebuff himself at whatever point he accepted he accomplished something incorrectly or defied his master’s guidelines. When Dobby gains his opportunity through Harry’s skillful deception, Lucius Malfoy is furious on the grounds that he had lost something he saw to be property. The presentation of Winky in Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire illustrates house mythical people. She is glad to serve her lord and complies with all his orders. At the point when she is rebuffed and given garments, accordingly discharging her from her lord, she is disgraced and feels as if she had fizzled. Her downturn turns out to be extreme to such an extent that she takes to drinking abundant amounts of margarine lager to facilitate her brain. On the other hand, Dobby is glad to be free and wears his garments gladly. However his journey to look for some kind of employment is testing a result of the wizarding world’s assessment of house mythical people and their positioning in the social pecking order. Dobby is requesting to be paid for his administrations instead of doing it because of commitment or obligation. Looking for some kind of employment at Hogwarts was his lone practical choice as Dumbledore was the main individual ready to meet Dobby’s demand, and perceive house mythical people as critical. Hermione’s endeavors to get opportunity for house mythical people, the House Elf Liberation Front, are useless in light of the fact that house mythical people, except for Dobby, are content with their situation in the public arena and don't see themselves as equivalents. They are hirelings, compelled by a sense of honor to serve one ace for their whole lives. Another conspicuous issue in the Harry Potter books was the possibility that muggles, or non-mystical individuals, were not as much as wizards, and wizards conceived from muggle families were sub-par compared to those slipping from wizards. The issue is first raised when the character of Draco Malfoy is presented in the principal book. He expresses that some wizarding families were superior to other people and censures the Weasley family since his dad denounces the Weasley family dependent on Arthur Weasley’s warmth and endorsement of muggles. The Malfoys accept that muggle-borns are irrelevant and treat Hermione with extraordinary partiality as a result of her muggle legacy. Draco considers her a â€Å"mudblood,† an extraordinary affront to wizards of muggle families. Indeed, even Professor Slughorn confesses to astound that muggle-conceived wizards are so proficient at enchantment however he professes to have no preference. He doesn't treat them unjustifiably however he has various desires from them. The whole reason for Voldemort’s play for power was the idea that muggle-borns and half-bloods were substandard compared to unadulterated bloods. Vodemort himself is plunged from a muggle father, yet he denies this association. In Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows, Vodemort’s objective turns out to be extremely self-evident. Muggles are killed without concern and made to be dependent upon the wizards in charge. Any wizard of muggle family line was indicted and detained for taking enchantment from wizards. Harry’s glaring restriction to this perspective spots him in incredible hazard as he persistently challenges the new request and their abuse. The purpose behind the wizarding war was to keep a whole class of individuals from being subjugated and renamed as not exactly human. Harry’s guardians likewise battled for singular opportunity and challenged Voldemort, which lead to their demise. Harry’s achievement in this field was a triumph for correspondence, opportunity and individual rights. Harry Potter’s fight to keep up fairness and stamp out partiality and bias implemented by law integrates with the 1960s social liberties development and the battle for gay rights that isn't being pursued in America. Whole gatherings of individuals are being victimized, not for anything they did however for what their identity is. â€Å"On prepares and transports, in schools and eateries, and even in open washrooms, blacks were kept separated from whites. A few laws made it illicit for blacks and whites to shake hands or play checkers† (Graf). African Americans were focused on in light of the shade of their skin and gay people because of their sexual direction, neither of which an individual can control. Segregation is turning out to be an ever increasing number of grievous as social liberties bunches make strides in getting correspondence. Social equality and the subject of progressivism are gives exceptionally near me that I feel energetic about. Growing up, my mom revealed to me an account of her first excursion to Washington State to meet companions of my dad. They were in a market and an American Indian family came in to get some ground meat. Despite the fact that they had the cash for the new meat for the situation, they were not permitted to buy it. The store would just sell them the meat that had turned green in light of the fact that the storekeeper didn't see American Indians as equivalent under the law. My mom dissented and must be hauled out of the store. The others in her gathering sat idle. My mother was just seventeen, yet she perceived segregation when she saw it. As a kid, I lived in a white town, there were no Asians or African Americans and a bunch of Hispanics. At the point when I was nine, a man thumped on our front entryway. I looked into, seeing him through the glass, and shouted. It was the principal dark individual I had ever observed. I humiliated myself, yet also, I mortified him, a pleasant man who unimportant needed to know whether my dad was keen on selling his vehicle. Being that isolated in not basic in today’s society. In my eighth grade graduation, I strolled down the walkway with the main dark individual from my graduating class and my dad felt embarrassed on account of the town’s view of African Americans. Indeed, even my congregation, a position of acknowledgment and correspondence, treated a dark vocalist so distinctively that he quit coming to chapel. The town was partiality and I felt humiliated to live there, accepting that thusly, I bolstered their convictions. As I developed more seasoned, I attempted to help the privileges of minorities and those gatherings that society treated in an unexpected way, providing for their causes, fund-raising and mindfulness and deciding in favor of estimates that would ensure them. I felt that it was my commitment to society to attempt to end bigotry when my dad had brought me to accept up in it. The Harry Potter arrangement fills in as an immediate token of what sort of world cultural narrow mindedness can make by demonstrating goliath strides in reverse in individual flexibility and freedom. Voldemort and his Death Eaters endeavored to get control for control and utilized segregation and mistreatment to accomplish it. Hetero Caucasians have been utilizing this technique for quite a long time to keep up the norm and control change. Most exceedingly awful of everything is simply the mistreated group’s own discernment. Like house mythical beings, African Americans and gay people are not acquainted with being dealt with decently and that idea needs to change (Yoshino). Individuals â€Å"will before long be compelled to recognize that it isn't gay conduct, however antigay perspectives, that should be adjusted† (Yoshino). What is essential to recollect is that the battle for equity is progressing: that it is basic for all races of individuals â€Å"to take care of the individual and institutional bigotry that despite everything exists in our congregation and society† (Schlumpf ). Progressivism is developing in numerous territories and these books exhibit precisely what this development can accomplish †singular rights, individual flexibility and the act of regarding every person as equivalent under the law.

Librarian Nancy Pearl Picks 7 Books For Summer Reading Critical Linking, June 22, 2018

Librarian Nancy Pearl Picks 7 Books For Summer Reading Critical Linking, June 22, 2018 Critical Linking is sponsored by The Art of Escaping by Erin Callahan. Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl shares her under-the-radar reading recommendations with  Morning Editions Steve Inskeep. This years picks include mysteries, nonfiction and a fantasy story for young readers. Cant go wrong with a well-loved librarians picks for summer reading.   ____________________ The books we read as teenagers have the potential to shape the type of adults we become (we’ll never forget the first time we read  Harry Potter  and discovered we were a Gryffindor). Here, 21 books that will help every Gen Z-er become the best version of himself or herself. Might not be anything new or revolutionary here, but a really solid list of must-read books for teenagers.   ____________________ Playwright Lin-Manuel Miranda, author Roxane Gay and Olympic skater Michelle Kwan are among those contributing essays to an anthology about navigating between cultures. American Like Me will feature stories from those trying find an identity in a culture that often underrepresents or ignores their experiences. This anthology sounds fantastic.   Sign up to Today In Books to receive  daily news and miscellany from the world of books. Thank you for signing up! Keep an eye on your inbox.

Questions On Single Parent Family - 1260 Words

trexie fernandez melissa shaw english 3 may 23, 2017 Single Parent For many years, children growing up in a single parent family have been viewed as different. Being raised by only one parent seems impossible to many yet over the decades it has become more prevalent. In today s society, many children have grown up to become emotionally stable and successful, whether they had one or two parents to show them the rocky path that life bestows upon all human beings. The problem lies in the difference of children raised by single parents versus children raised by both a mother and a father. Does a child need both parents? Does a young boy need a father figure around? Does the government provide help for single parents? What role do†¦show more content†¦However, even though this may seem impossible, it can be done. As this subject continues to be looked down on people must realize that single parents are becoming more common in today s world. Since 1995 the American family structure for children ages fourteen to eighteen consists of forty-two percent living in a first marriage, family with both parents, twenty-two percent living in a second marriage step-family, twenty-one percent living in a single parent, divorced or separated family, six percent living in a single parent never married family and three percent living in a single parent widowed family. This is an extremely scary statistic considering that fifty eight percent of children in America are living in a single parent family. This is a chilling percentage because it shows how little faith is put into a relationship before actually deciding to have children. Unfortunately not all single-parents take the time to perform the vital tasks needed to raise their children. Parents who think they would never be able to provide emotional stabil ity for their children by themselves should have taken the time to think this through before deciding to become parents. Accidents may happen once in a while but in most cases adults know what is at stake when planning to have a child. Plain and simple, if you re not ready, than don t do it. If you do decide to have this child and you loveShow MoreRelatedThe Impact Of Family Formation Change On The Cognitive, Social, And Emotional Well Being Of The Next Generation1031 Words   |  5 PagesAmato, P. R. (2005). The impact of family formation change on the cognitive, social, and emotional well-being of the next generation. Journal of Marriage and Child Wellbeing, 15 (2), 75-90. Retrieved from: www.futureofchildren.org. This journal explains that researchers, such as Amato, have several theories that explain why and how children growing up with single parents have an elevated risk of experiencing problems. Some of these problems include cognitive thinking, social interaction and theRead MoreShould A Child Be Raised Together Or Alone?1256 Words   |  6 PagesTogether or Alone? Britny Valdez â€Æ' Should a Child Be Raised Together or Alone? â€Å"Single-parent families now constitute 30 percent of all families with minor children and are the most rapidly growing families in America† (as cited in Dowd, 1997). When people hear the term ‘single-parent’ they automatically think it means a person who is the legal guardian of a child or children. It is typical for a single-parent to be a woman, because the statistics on the proportion of the children who live withRead MoreThe Changing Nature of Family Life Essay1117 Words   |  5 PagesChanging Nature of Family Life The focus of this piece of coursework is the changing nature of family life given the extent of fatherless families in modern Britain. Functionalists such as parsons and Murdock will be researched, as well as the views of Damos and Sapsfors to comment on the impact of fatherless families. My interest in fatherless family stems from my own personal family experience of having divorce parents and living in one parent family headed by my motherRead MoreEating Disorders And The Treatment Of Bulimia Nervosa Essay914 Words   |  4 Pages Are Single-Parent Families Different from Two-Parent Families in the Treatment of Adolescent Bulimia Nervosa Using Family-Based Treatment? Uchenna Obiagwu University of North Texas Are Single-Parent Families Different from Two-Parent Families in the Treatment of Adolescent Bulimia Nervosa Using Family-Based Treatment? A research was conducted on forty-one 17 years old female adolescent with bulimia nervosa. The purpose of the study was to examine whether family play a vital role for theRead MoreDeal Book Essay1524 Words   |  7 PagesThis book gives single parents an ideal of what to expect when dating. When a person has children sometimes it difficult to find a date, even to find time to date someone. Ron L. Deal has come up with different guidelines to help a single person find love in all the right places. Getting Past Butterflies and Warm Fuzzies God made people to be loved. Some people have the longing desire to be loved and married one day while others do not have the desire to have a marriage. When a parent wants again toRead MoreTraditional Families Vs Single Parent Families1615 Words   |  7 PagesTraditional families versus single parent families. A traditional family household is a household with two parents, mother and father. A single parent family household is a one parent hou sehold a mother, or father. This household is usually occurs when a parent dies, parents divorce, or the parents was never married and separated after having a child together. The question at hand is would a child be more successful and mentally stable in life growing up in a traditional family household, or single parentingRead MoreParent Families And The Single Parent Family1738 Words   |  7 Pagesyears, one of the most remarkable changes in family structure has been the increase in the number of single-parent families. In this type of family, one parent in the household is raising the children due to the high divorce rates and adults choosing not to marry. This is â€Å"currently the fastest growing family type in North America†. According to a research, â€Å"88 percent of these families are headed by women currently.†9 Children living in single parent households often have to contend with negativeRead MoreA Public Theology Of Single Parenting1581 Words   |  7 PagesA Public Theology of Single Parenting Whereas there are some programs for single parents, churches need to take on effective ministries with/for single parents given that advocates are needed. I picked this social issue because there is a need in our local churches and our modern society in addition to the needs that exist among single parents. Having helped my single friends and single family members; being raised by a single parent and being a single parent myself for the past ten years, I knowRead MoreThe Effects Of Parental Absence On Academic Achievement Of Adolescents1174 Words   |  5 PagesAbsence on the Academic Achievement of Adolescents: The Challenge of Controlling for Family Income. Journal of Family and Economic Issues 23.2, 189-210. A. The article targets the issue that how parent’s absence has a negative effect on the academic achievements of adolescents. It also discusses how it can be difficult for single-parents to manage family income. B. The article tells that when children lose a custodial parent, they go through drastic psychological and practical effects, which eventuallyRead MoreParents as Teachers1326 Words   |  6 Pagesï » ¿After becoming a single, young mother I found that I was lost, confused and had several reservations. I was alone and didn’t have anyone I knew that was in the same situation as me or had the answers to all the questions that lingered through my head daily. Living in a small town like Atchison, Kansas, I figured there were no programs being offered to young single parents or should I say I didn’t think there were any programs that were being offered to young single parents. Little did I know there

How to Travel Like a Geologist

Geology is everywhere—even where you already are. But to learn more deeply about it, you dont have to actually become a field geologist to get the true hard-core experience. There are at least five other ways you can visit the land under a geologists guidance. Four are for the few, but the fifth way—geo-safaris—is an easier way for the many. 1. Field Camp Geology students have field camps, run by their colleges. For those you have to be enrolled in the degree program. If youre getting a degree, make sure you experience these expeditions, because these are where faculty members do the real work of imparting their science to students. The websites of college geoscience departments often have photo galleries from field camps. Theyre hard work and very rewarding. Even if you never put your degree to use, youll gain from this experience. 2. Research Expeditions Sometimes you can join working geoscientists on a research expedition. For example, when I was with the U.S. Geological Survey I had the good fortune to ride along on several research cruises along the southern coast of Alaska. Many in the USGS bureaucracy had this same opportunity, even some people without geology degrees. Some of my own memories and photos are in the Alaska geology list. 3. Science Journalism Another avenue is to be a really good science journalist. Those are the folks who get invited to places like Antarctica or the Ocean Drilling Program to write books or stories for glossy magazines. These are not jaunts or junkets: everyone, writer and scientist, works hard. But money and programs are available for those in the right position. For a recent example, visit writer Marc Airharts journal from the cenotes of Zacatà ³n, Mexico, on geology.com. 4. Professional Field Trips For professional geoscientists, the most fun are the special field trips that are organized around major scientific meetings. These happen in the days before and after a meeting, and all are led by professionals for their peers. Some are serious tours of things like research sites on the Hayward fault, while others are lighter fare like the geologic tour of Napa Valley wineries I took one year. If you can join the right group, like the Geological Society of America, youre in.   5. Geo-Safaris and Tours For those first four options, you basically have to have a job in the business or be lucky enough to be near the action. But safaris and tours in the worlds great countrysides, led by eager geologists, are for the rest of us. A geo-safari, even a short day trip, will fill you with sights and knowledge, and all you need to do in return is pay some money. Ive built a list of these geo-safaris, and it has a wide range. You can ride a small bus to the mines and villages of Mexico collecting minerals—or do the same in China; you can dig up real dinosaur fossils in Wyoming; you can see the San Andreas fault close up in the California desert. You can get dirty with real spelunkers in Indiana, trek upon the volcanoes of New Zealand, or tour the classic sites of Europe described by the first generation of modern geologists. Some are a nice side-trip if youre in the region whereas others are pilgrimages, to be prepared for like the life-changing experiences they truly are. Many, many safari sites promise that youll experience the geologic wealth of the region, but unless they feature a professional geologist in the group I tend to leave them off the list. That doesnt mean youll learn nothing on those safaris, only that theres no guarantee youll really get a geologists insight into what you see. The Payoff And geological insight is a rich reward that youll take home with you. Because as your eye opens, so does your mind. Youll gain a better appreciation of your own localitys geologic features and resources. Youll have more things to show off to visitors (in my case, I can give you a geo-tour of Oakland). And through heightened awareness of the geologic setting you live in—its limitations, its possibilities and possibly its geoheritage—youll inevitably become a better citizen.Finally, the more you know, the more things you can do on your own.

Process of Grief Free Essays

It can leave you feeling you out of control, angry and unstable, unable to make clear decisions. Negative thoughts can creep up leaving you depressed or anxious, it may affect your self-esteem and you may cope by working longer hours, seeking escape In alcohol, drugs, food or risk taking. Physical Grief Physical grief can feel like you have taken part in a marathon, even though you never started. We will write a custom essay sample on Process of Grief or any similar topic only for you Order Now Energy is a key sign as the exhaustion can be intense and seem to last for ever. It can be delayed and hit you like a tone of bricks physically, with difficulty in sleeping and the ability to function normally. Often physical grief can cause loss of o-ordination where falls occur and health conditions appear. Research shows the connection between stress and grieving, and the appearance of diseases. Social Grief Relationships can be affected, friendships strained and time alone may become more important. Communication can be difficult and what is normally easy may be very hard at school environment. A piece of music, a holiday, anniversary date, a photo or another loss happens can trigger grief. Life continues on as normal for others, but It can feel Like the world has stopped or erne stands still. Purport from others Is important, and can help through the grief stages. Spiritual Grief Grief is something that we all experience and It is important to grieve and there Is no right length of time to mourn. Having a religious brings a strong process and understanding of grief and a strong belief of where the spiral goes. Individual religions believe different things and have their own processes a round death. Sharing with others and having time to grieve together can help with the grieving process. Spiritual grief does not mean that people with faith do not grieve, but it brings hope and the belief of eternal life. There are many suggestions to help people with the grieving process and these are often seen as stages. But in order to get past the difficult feelings, you must experience them. It is important not to try and speed up the process but let it take is course. Taking care of yourself and not rushing into big decisions is important, eating even when you are not hungry, keeping fit and letting people help. Recently, I have lost my Granddad, he played a very special part in my life, and he brought me joy and let me be myself. We had a private family funeral, we all wrote messages on the coffin and played a part in his passing. I danced too song (put the name in) and choreographed to show my love to him. Grief gives you strength in a funny way, a way to cope with the future. Supporting others with the loss of a loved one and how this affects the individual and the others around them. Coping with Stress and the Grief of someone eating even when you are not hungry, keeping fit and letting people help. Being aware of an individual’s loss is where the school community can assist in caring for the individual. Support groups and independent people to talk to would provide an opportunity for the individual to talk and discuss their feelings. Experiences of others who have lost could be the audience of the group, as they will men through something similar and let the person know that it is k to feel what they are feeling. Not telling someone how to feel is important, as each experience is different. Recently, I lost my Granddad, he played a very special part in my life, and he brought me Joy and let me be myself. We had a private family funeral, we all wrote messages on the coffin and played a part in his passing. I danced too song (put the name in) and choreographed to show my love to him. It was good to speak with my friends who were very supportive and caring. Grief gives you strength in a funny way, a way to cope with the future. 1. Shock and Denial Throughout this time you can feel very overwhelmed and lost, also in order to forget you can avoid the situation. 2. Pains and Guilt Once you have passed the first stage it is important that you experience the pain fully, and not hide it, avoid it or escape from it with alcohol or drugs. You could also feel guilty that you might have not spent, as much time with you loved one, as you wanted too etc. 3. Anger and Bargaining By this stage you could feel angry or frustrated and you could lash out at others. You could also start asking yourself questions like†¦ â€Å"Why me? † 4. Depression, Reflection and Loneliness Just when your friends may think you should be getting on with your life, a long period of sad reflection will likely overtake you. You may isolate yourself on purpose, reflect on things you did with your lost one, and focus on memories of the past. You may sense feelings of emptiness or despair. 5. The upward turn As you start to adjust to life without your loved one, your life becomes a little calmer and more organized. Your physical symptoms lessen, and your â€Å"depression† begins to lift slightly. 6. Reconstruction and working thorough You will start to work on practical and financial problems and reconstructing yourself ND your life without him or her. How to cite Process of Grief, Essays

Buyer Seller Relationships Impact of Cross-Culture

Question: In the current international economic environment, entrepreneurs and managers are frequently required to undertake business planning, project and consultancy work in addition to their core responsibilities. Frequently, these projects are focused upon investigating new business opportunities or potential strategic changes in order to create, retain and extend competitive position. Furthermore, they may also be required to undertake consulting assignments. The assessment task is to design and deliver a 4500 5000 words research report, through the application of appropriate research methods to a consultancy project, provided by the module team. Answer: Chapter 1: Introduction Introduction: Cross-cultural buyer-seller relationship for a multinational company named Clarks; the UK has been described to understand the issues in this organisation. Culture has a huge impact in developing the buying behaviour of an individual. However, the international business set up allows them to perform their business outside of the domestic environment (Viio and Grnroos, 2016, p.37). In another country, there are many domestic brand and companies that perform their business following the local culture. Therefore, it is a primary problem for a multinational company to develop their business in a different cultural environment and maintain cross-cultural buyer-seller relationship in a good manner. The research is performed to identify the impact of such relationship that develops the challenges in the cross-cultural environment. In this chapter, background of Clarks has been analysed and as per the research aim the objectives has been established to meet up the goal of the research. Finally, significance and the structure of the study are made to develop a framework of the research work for successful accomplishment. In this research the main issue is the habit and the choice of the customers of other country which is different from the habit and choice of the customer of the home country of Clarks. It hampers the international business of Clarks because of their business environment that is not favourable enough for the foreign customers and affects the buyer seller relationship due to cultural differentiation that reduces the business of the Clarks. Cultural belief has a huge impact on the purchasing habit of the customers that influence them to grab the product or refuse it due to uncomfortable service. Buyer seller relationship develops based on the proper communication and behaviour that are performed during the promotion as well as transactional process. Therefore, cultural mismatch leads them to maintain distance that has a negative impact on the international business activity of Clarks. This issue can be resolved by the adaptation of the local cultural factors such as language and behavi oural style that can make the customers feel familiar with the company to purchase their desirable product. Moreover, local employees can be recruited to deal with the customers by the own cultural values that ensure the bonding between buyer seller relationship that was affected by the cross cultural factors. Research questions: What are the issues of cross-cultural buyer seller relationship on Clarks? What are the possible layouts to balance cross-cultural buyer seller relationship of Clarks? What is perceived by the cross-cultural buyers regarding the business activity of Clarks? What is the importance of the cross-cultural buyer-seller relationship for the business of Clarks? What is the appropriate recommendation for enhancing the relationship between buyers and sellers? Research objectives: To identify the impact of cross-cultural buying behaviour in Clarks To understand the possible layouts to balance cross-cultural business of Clarks To recognise the perception of the cross-cultural buyers regarding the product of Clarks To understand the importance of the cross-cultural buyer-seller relationship for the business of Clarks To recommend suitable ways for improving the relationship between buyers and sellers Research rationale: A multinational brand faces the cultural barrier to developing a relationship with the customers as well as difficulties to sell their products in the international market due to the hard competition in that particular host country. In this study, cross-cultural buying behaviour is the main issue that hampers an international business. People belong from the different culture are habituated with their regular brands that suit their culture. Therefore, it is a problem for an international brand to convince the buyers with their products and develop the relationship with them (Hewet and Krasnikov, 2016, p.57). At present most of the companies of UK are looking for the international business set up. Therefore, it is required to understand the possible impact of cross-cultural buyer-seller relationship to regulate the international business set up to viable profitability The research shed light on the possible ways to resolve the cross-cultural buyer-seller issue for the multinational companies. Significance of the research: The research is important to identify the possible problems that hamper the cross-cultural buying behaviour of the international customers (Narayandas and Rangan, 2010, p.63). This identification will allow developing the suitable strategy to resolve the current problems to improve the relationship between cross-cultural buyer and sellers of Clarks. This kind of strategy will provide a huge opportunity to Clark to establish their international business setting as well as deal with their customer to earn success and profit. Structure of the Dissertation: Figure: Structure of the Dissertation (Source: Made by author) Summary: In this chapter, the entire research plan has been done in the structure of the dissertation with the proper aim as well as the objective of the research. Research questions are made to recognise proper direction of the study and identify the required issues to analyse it for further study. The significance of the research establishes the actual requirement of this research. Chapter 2: Literature Review Introduction: Discussion of buyer-seller relationship from different aspects has been analysed in this chapter. The impact of cross-cultural behaviour and affecting factors of buyer-seller relationship has been evaluated based on previous research works. Theory and model of buyer-seller relationship have been explained. Finally, the gap between the current and previous research work has been identified. A conceptual framework is made to understand the actual strategy of the research. Relationship between buyer and seller: In today's business market the marketers put a great effort to improve their efficiency and effectiveness to satisfy their consumers in all aspects. The Strong understanding between the buyer and the seller can turn a single transaction into long-term beneficial relationships (Healy, 2011, p. 560). The sellers must put their efforts in managing the dynamics of buyer-seller evolution. The buyer-seller relationship includes the following five different stages: pre-relationship stage, exploratory stage, development stage, stable stage and final stage. Ongoing through this stages the buyer may face some uncertainty situations like market uncertainty, transactional uncertainty, need uncertainty (Jordan et al. 2013, p.15). The seller should pay strict attention in resolving this uncertainty of the buyer in order to strengthen the buyer-seller relationship. An organisation can improve their buyer-seller relationship by attaining their customer loyalty. With the increase in attaining the cus tomer loyalty, the seller can achieve more profit. If the customers are loyal for any marketing organisation they will show their interest in purchasing the brand new products of the marketing company (Mar Miras Rodrguez et al. 2015, p.237). Hence a new scope of making a profit by introducing new products in the market arises. Impact of cross-cultural factors on buyer and seller relationship: In order to make a strong buyer-seller relationship, the study, and understanding of the cross-cultural influence in the business market are very necessary. The unconscious reference of the cultural values of an individual may create disturbance in acceptance and understand the cultural values of others. The cultural values and beliefs often create disturbance in interpersonal and mass communication, negotiation. There lays an interdependence relationship between the developing nation of the third world and the well-developed industrial nations. For the industrial and economical survival access to natural resources, markets and capital of each other is very necessary (Segarra-Moliner et al. 2013, p.215). In such cases, influences of the cross-cultural influences are very necessary. Moreover, the industrial development of a nation depends on both exports and imports. Influence on cross-cultural references is found in this field also. Factors affecting the relation between buyer and seller: The relationship between buyer and seller is a very important to develop the viability of the business. There are many factors that have the huge impact on the relationship between buyer and seller. According to Shia and Luo (2012, p.2432), trust is a very major requirement that enhances the base of the relationship. Trust is achieved after a long term service period therefore, the sellers need to hold their patience and try to service with full concentration and effort. Product and the service of a company play a vital role to achieve the trust that is able to fulfill the expectation of the customers (Sudbury Riley et al. 2012, p.312). On the contrary, Jones and Leonard (2014, p.73) mentioned in this context that commitment is required to maintain the relationship. Commitment to providing a quality product and service increase the expectation of the customers, however, if the company fails to keep their commitment it ruins the relationship with the customers (Mueller Loose and Remaud, 2013, p.142). The similarity in culture and adoption power a company can serve the buyers as per their expectation, however, cultural differentiation and low adoption power downturn their motivation to buy the products from the particular company. In this context, Video and Gronroos (2016, p.38) opined that along with the lack of cultural adaptation power, a linguistic problem often hampers the relationship between the buyer and seller. Lack of knowledge in local language affects the fluent interaction between the buyers and seller. They unable to share their thought related to their perception hence it destroy the relationship and increase distance. It is unable to satisfy the buyers that influence them to avoid the company and shift to another one for their personal requirement. Finally, Hewett and Krasnikov, (2016, p.60) stated that lack of cooperation among the buyer-seller regarding product and service ruined the relationship. Feedbacks of customers are very important whereas the company attentively follow those for improvement. Negligence of the remarks is a reason of poor relationship between the buyer and sellers (Walsh and Bartikowski, 2013, p.989). Theories and models of buyer-seller relationship Buyer-seller dyed theory: Different models are theories are relevant that can be discussed in this study. Buyer-seller dyed theory is a very effective one that reflects the fruitfulness of the interaction between buyer and seller regarding their perception as well as expectation. According to this theory, the seller exhibits their products to the buyers and influences them to buy it. The seller can perform their personal business or deal with the product or service of any other company (Chowdhury, 2012, p.52). Push and pull strategy are consciously used by them to develop the interaction with the buyers. It is a strategy to influence buyer with positive communication that can attract them to the product or service of a company. Sales persons play a vital role in this sector to perform the interaction session to understand the requirement of the customers and make their existing product relevant with their expectation. Connection development between the customers' expected service or product and the company's product or service grow the relationship status (Kabadayi et al. 2011, p.31). This process accomplished in three steps. In the first, step the seller identifies the need of the buyer. Next information sharing takes place regarding buyer and seller and finally the transaction takes place between customer and seller (Kim and Johnson, 2013, p.79). Andersons Model: In this model, cross-cultural buyer-seller relationship has been designed by Anderson. According to this model, there are three effective international dimensions that are the key factors to building up a cross-cultural buyer-seller relationship. These are 1) initiation of the business relationship in an international setting, 2) maintenance of relationship according to the international culture and 3) maintain the viability of the interaction between the business network and the external and internal relationship of stakeholders (Voldnes et al. 2012, p.1081). This model reflects multiple dimensions that help to continue an effective relationship between customers and sellers. An integrated model of buyer-seller relationships: On the other, hand an integrated model of buyer-seller relationships depicts the five effective stages such as partner selection in which the group of buyers is selected by the sellers depending on their type of product or service (Voldnes, 2015, p.56). In the next stage, the buyer expresses the facilities of the product or the service through the different medium of advertisement. This kind of advertisement helps the customers to know about the product or service offered by the particular company (Benton and Maloni, 2015, p.1). Further, the customer's contact with the buyers to get more information regarding the advertised product and this communication develop the relationship between them. It influences the buyer to decide their requirement knowing about to the quality of the service or product (Gauvain et al. 2013, p.1148). Finally, the good quality increase the customer loyalty towards the company and relationship is maintained in a successful manner (Hsiao et al. 2012, p.760). Here fulfillment of commitment of the company plays an important role to retain the customer. These four steps are very essential to develop a good relationship between customer and seller. Gap in literature: In the previous research works, customer and seller relationship has been elaborately described and analyzed that entirely reflects the affecting factors in the business. However, the current research is based on the cross-cultural relationship between buyer and seller, where a multinational company performs business in a completely different culture as well as with different cultural customers. There is no such description has been made that reflects the impact of such kind of relationship and impact of the relationship on the business setting. It is a huge gap between the current and previous research work. Background of the company and Conceptual Framework: Clarks is a multinational footwear manufacturer company of UK that maintains a number of retail stores in all over the world such as US, China, India, Australia and other countries (Clarks.com. 2016). In the year 1825, the company has started its journey and expands its branches in all over the UK. Finally, they developed international set up and started to develop showrooms in different countries. Figure 2.1: Logo of the Company (Source: Clarks.com. 2016) They manufacture shoes and other accessories as per the Western culture as well as the country where they establish their manufacturing unit and showrooms. As per the final year report of Clarks, the annual revenue is 1,492m. Clarks is an English shoe manufacturing company that has their manufacturing farm in different countries to perform sustainable supply as per the demand of the customers. The resources are collected by the company from the domestic market that influences them to provide quality product within a reasonable price to the customers under their brand name. However, the suppliers of the organisation in the host country sometimes are unable to perform effective activity to serve Clarks that has impact on the production of the shoes of Clarks. According to Waichhofer et al. (2015, p.315), supply chain plays an important role to maintain the principle of the business attentively for effective outcome. Lack of skill and advancement of the local supply chain results the low production level. Moreover, quality maintenance becomes difficult to the company because of the cultural differentiation. On the contrary Hoppner et al. (2015, p.83) stated that the supplier do not have proper idea regarding the business principle and brand image of a foreign company it makes them disable to maintain the objective of the company. Here cross cultural buyer seller relationship has a huge impact that performs between the supply chains of host country and the business of a foreign company. In this context Henneberg et al. (2015, p.271) stated that Interaction and understanding between the buyer and seller need to be very much strong that can increase trust by a long term balance of commitment. Adoption of the local culture is effective for Clarks to handle the supply chain to motivate them to deal with the business setting. Indirectly it will affect the customers of the host country of Clarks that results the consumer satisfaction on the products and the behavioural pattern of the company. This satisfaction influences the relationship between the cross cultured buyer and seller that increase the growth of the international business setup of a company. Figure 2.2: Conceptual Framework (Source: Created by Author) In this chapter, different factors and impact of buyer-seller relationship have been described and evaluation of different factors has been stated. From the description of various theories and models of the buyer-seller relationship, the proper pathway of maintenance of the relationship has been identified. Gap analysis between the current and previous research work has been done and finally a conceptual framework has been provided in this chapter to understand the impact of the relationship between cross cultured buyers and seller. Research Methodology Introduction: Research methodology provides a brief description of the research onion, philosophy, approach and design of the research. Then the data collection and sampling method are discussed. At the end, the plan and tools used in the analysis of data and the ethical parameter of the analysis are discussed. Research onion: In a development of a research strategy, the idea of the different stages which might be covered can be illustrated with the help of research onion. Each layer of the research onion denotes a clear idea about the stages of research strategy. A researcher gets an authentic conclusion on the research strategy with the help of the research onion. A diagrammatical representation of the research onion is provided in Figure 3.1: Figure 3.1: Research Onion (Source: Saunders et al. 2009, p.52) The outermost layer of the research onion is the research philosophy while the innermost layer represents the data collection method. The data collection method lies as the innermost layer because with the help of the collected data evaluation of the research aims are made and the research work ends up at this stage. Research philosophy: Research philosophy represents the way in which the data on the research work will be collected, analyzed and applied. Research philosophy can be classified into four categories which are Pragmatism, Positivism, Realism and Interpretivism (Bergh and Ketchen, 2014, p.65). Here positivism approach of philosophy has been followed by the researcher. Positivism philosophy depends on the quantifiable observations which result in the accumulation of detailed and accurate knowledge of the research work. The researchers have applied positivism philosophical approach in understanding the motives and behaviour of the staffs in a very scientific manner. Research approach: The approaches of research work can be categorized as inductive approach and deductive approach. For the current research work, the deductive approach was found to be very effective as here the actual research starts with the theoretical study of a literature review. The researchers have conducted primary research. The outcomes from this primary research have been observed, analysed and explained by them. Modification of the existing theories was done on the basis of the new findings of the current research work (Bryman and Bell, 2012, p.25). The researcher has incorporated relevant details on the effect of cross-cultural buyer-seller relationship in the marketing field with the help of research questions. With the inclusion of secondary research and the quantitative and qualitative approach the researcher achieve an accurate and valid conclusion. Research design: A research design for a work includes the way of the collection of information, the complete idea of tools required for the research, proper application of the tools in the evaluation of the data collected. The different types of research designs are descriptive, exploratory and explanatory. In the current research work among the different research design, the descriptive research design was found to be very effective in acquiring accurate conclusion. The descriptive approach of research helps in the exploration and explanation of the research findings. The descriptive design has helped in sorting out the current performance appraisal issues and the consequent suggestions for overcoming them (Crowther and Lancaster, 2011, p.98). Data collection method: Data collection can be conducted in the following two ways: primary data collection and secondary data collection. For the current research work, the researcher has focussed both on the primary and secondary data collection method. In order to collect primary data, the researcher conducted an online survey of the close-ended questionnaires. Moreover, to gather information in qualitative subjects the researcher set appointment with the management (Brewer et al. 2011, p.254). It is impossible to conduct interview with the managing director of the company because of their valuable designation and lack of time therefore assistant managers are considered as participates for the interview. The venue of the interview is the conference hall of the company of Clarks at the recess hours. In addition to that information was collected from secondary sources such as text books, journals, and websites. Sample size and sampling method: The size and the choice of the sample play an important role in the research work. The size of the sample helps the researcher in compiling the data within time. Samples should be chosen from a diversified field so that the researcher can achieve an unbiased conclusion. The researcher should always keep one thing in his mind that the collected data should be relevant to the topic under experimentation. In a case of the current research work 55 customers and 3 managers from Clarks were randomly selected for the sampling process convenience. Sampling methods are of two types: probability sampling and nonprobability sampling (Farahat and MacIsaac, 2010, p.99). Probability sampling is an unbiased method in which people are randomly selected for the convenience of the survey. This practice facilitates an authentic result for the researcher. In the case of nonprobability method, a set of people are selected and their opinion and views are studied for the research. In the current research w ork probability and nonprobability method was conducted respectively through questionnaire survey from a large sample and interview sessions with a target sample. Data analysis plans and tools: In order to achieve an accurate conclusion within time selection of appropriate tools required for the analysis of collected data is very necessary. In this current research, the analysis of data and information was employed by using MS Excel. The responses of the 55 customers and 5 managers of Clark have been calculated using percentage system. The obtained results were diagrammatically represented via graphs and tables. The chosen data analysis plan and tools used for the analysis purpose were very useful to achieve accurate results. Research ethics: Research ethics should strictly maintain while conducting research work which includes gathering information through questionnaire survey and interview sessions. In this regard, the researcher did not put any force on the respondents during the questionnaire survey and interview session. The respondents were free in determining the answers. In accordance with the confidentiality purpose, the disclosure of the name of the respondents was strictly prohibited. Moreover, the company details were also destroyed after the completion of the research work and were not exposed publicly. Limitations: The major limitations of this research work were the limited time frame and restricted area of study. Moreover, the interviewees also did not show their interest and activeness in fixing interview dates at the initial state of the research which result in delaying of research work. Summary: This section has mentioned different research philosophy used for the analysis of current research works. The selection of these research philosophies depends on the aims and objectives of the research work. The researchers have mentioned the consequent sample size and the sampling process. On addition of that, a proper time plan has been also mentioned here which denotes the consumption of time at different activities of the research work. Chapter 4: Discussion and Evaluation Introduction: In this chapter, primary data collection has been conducted in which the quantitative survey is completed among the 55 customers of the local India market and qualitative interview of 3-floor managers of Clarks in London. In this chapter the findings are accomplished in two sections. In the 4.2 quantitative analysis has been performed and 4.3 qualitative analysis has been performed to collect the data. Quantitative analysis has been performed in the 4 questions and represented the data through pie chart and table format. On the other hand the qualitative data are provided with the statements and 2 questions that are provided to understand the analytical thought. Quantitative data collection: Q 1: Which factors make you most uncomfortable of a multinational company? According to the survey, it can be observed that the customers are highly believed that cultural differentiation is the most uncomfortable factor that does not motivate them to buy any product from a company. The reason might be the lack of similarity in the products in which they are habituated. Among the 55 respondents 45% customers remarks so. On the other hand, 22% customers feel uncomfortable with the uniform, 18% disturbs with the way of taking of the sellers and finally, 15% customers are annoyed with the language problem. According to them the seller of the multinational company is not fluent in their language that influences them to avoid the products. Table 4.1: Uncomfortable factors of a multinational company Options Respondents Percentage of respondents Total respondents Uniform 12 22% 55 Culture 25 45% 55 Interaction 10 18% 55 Language 8 15% 55 Figure 4.1: Uncomfortable factors of a multinational company Q 2: What factors can improve buyer-seller relationship? As per the survey, it can be monitored that the customer thinks that cultural adaptation can improve the relationship between the multinational company and the buyers. 24% customer remarked on the cultural adaptation through which the seller is able to identify the requirement and habit of the buyer. According to 20% customers, open communication can help to improve the relationship. Trust development is stated by 22% customers in which loyalty can improve the relationship. Finally, as per 10% and 9% customers, coordination and social media can improve the relationship respectively. Table 4.2: Factors that help to improve the buyer-seller relationship Options Respondents Percentage of respondents Total respondents Cultural adaptation 13 24% 55 Open Communication 11 20% 55 Building Trust 12 22% 55 Co-ordination 10 18% 55 Social Media 9 16% 55 Figure 4.2: Factors that help to improve the buyer-seller relationship Q 3: How often do you interact with your seller? The interaction between buyer and seller frequently takes place according to 65% customers however, 22% and 13% customers told that they rarely or never interact with the seller. Interaction sort out the issues, however, due to the lack of knowledge in local language and way of talking is unable to improve the buyer-seller relationship. Table 4.3: Frequency of buyer-seller interaction Options Respondents Percentage of respondents Total respondents Frequently 36 65% 55 Rarely 12 22% 55 Never 7 13% 55 Figure 4.3: Frequency of buyer-seller interaction Q 4: How far do you agree with the fact that culture is an affecting factor to develop the relationship with a multinational company? Most of the customers agree with the fact that culture is responsible for the poor relationship between buyer and seller. 42% customers showed strongly agree with this idea. 33% customers have also stated that different cultural practice is effective to ruin the buyer-seller relationship and finally 15%, 7%, and 3% customers replied that culture is unable to hamper the relationship. As per the majority, it can be identified that culture has a huge negative impact on the buyer-seller relationship. Table 4.4 Cultural factors affect the relationship Options Respondents Percentage of respondents Total respondents Strongly agree 23 42% 55 Agree 18 33% 55 Neutral 8 15% 55 Disagree 4 7% 55 Strongly disagree 2 3% 55 Figure 4.4: Cultural factors affect the relationship Qualitative data collection: Q 1: What is your perception regarding the cross-cultural buyer-seller relationship? It can be seen that managers are partially aware of the situation of their cross-cultural relationship. Which might be a problem for them to improve such unfavourable situation in their business? It is in a balancing mode. We follow different strategies to deal with the foreign customers and offering them low cost and quality product we are trying to attract them and develop good relationship Manager: 1 I am partially agreed with manager 1 because I have monitored that the customer's expectation is not entirely fulfilled by our strategy which is an issue that does not give us a chance to grab their total attention Manager: 3 The statement of the managers reflects that their strategies are effective to maintain the cross cultural buyer seller relationship which has a positive impact on the business. Q 2: Do you think specific cultural adaptation and improvement of the strategies can sort out the issue? The managers are agreed with the fact that improvement of their international business strategy can improve the relationship. Moreover, cultural adaptation can help them to attract and retain more customers for their company. The International business strategy needs to be very authentic and as per the expectation of the customers that influence them to come and buy our products. Manager 2 I strongly agree with manager 1. Improvement of the existing strategies and familiarity with their language and culture will prepare a strong base of a cross-cultural business relationship between buyer and seller. Manager 1 Through the statements it reflects that international strategy and adaptation of the international culture are well accepted by the company that influence them to uplift the relation with the company. Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendation It can be concluded that cultural differentiation of a company is a vital factor to destroy the relationship buyer and seller in Clarks. There are many factors within cultural dissimilarity that become an obstruction to the built up relationship with the customers. The survey and interview also depict that adaptation of culture of the particular country will help to grab the customers and increase the interaction that will be a positive sign to improve the relationship of the buyer-seller relationship in Clarks. In this research only cultural issue has been discussed however there are many other issues such as economic and political which can hamper the buyer-seller relationship. Possible reasons and solution are not described in this research. Clarks should be attentive towards the cultural adaptation of the country and try to understand the habit of uses of the customers. Moreover, they should learn the language and utilize the human resource of that particular country to avail the cultural benefit without any hassle. The recommendations will be beneficial because cultural adaptation and recruitment of the local people will support Clarks to perform their business with the expectation of the foreign country. 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