Business Communication And Presentations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 7500 words

Business Communication And Presentations - Essay Example This essay stresses that the importance of communication and particularly communication of expectations is central to individual and organizational effectiveness. The organizational expectations should be unambiguously communicated to the individual manager which was not done in the case of the new Finance Director. He was thus unable to fit in the overall pattern and respond to the role expectations appropriately. The Managing Director further failed as the role sender in communicating the desired behavior. Despite this he evaluated and sanctioned the Finance Director as he was primarily concerned with self-interest. He was interested in the performance of his region and not of the corporate as a whole. Since the expectations were not clearly communicated there was lack of shared expectations. This situation presented an opportunity to the Finance Director who was proactive and defined his own role. This paper makes a conclusion that poor communication is the key driver of negative feelings among the top executives in any organization. Since the CFO is at a different location, the Finance Director has absolutely no face-to-face contact with him and hence tends to report regularly to avoid misunderstandings. Now that the Finance Director has been confronted by the Managing Director he has to explain and justify his position. He has to give a feedback on his actions and the work that he has been executing.

The Psychology Of Personality Psychology Essay

The Psychology Of Personality Psychology Essay Oprah Winfrey is one of the most influential black American women. She was born on January 29, 1954 in Kosciusko, Mississippi of USA. When she was young, she lived in a very poor surrounding with her grandparents despite her parents were separated. At the age of six, she moved to stay with her mother. Consequently, she was being sexually abuse and molested by male relatives and she endured the hardship. Right until she was fourteen, she moved again to stay with her father in Nashville Tennessee. Living with her father was not the hope she was looking for because that her father was loving and yet a real strict towards Oprah. She created conflict with her fathers high standards by dealing with drugs, rebellious behaviour and even lost a premature baby. She eventually settled down after being awarded with a University Scholarship. Although, her early years in life were filled with hardship, she still graduated as an honours student. Oprah graduated as a BA in Speech and Performing Arts from Tennessee State University. She was highly inspired by her fathers high standard to aim and achieve more from life. She began her career in the media industry and worked as a news anchor and reporter for television station in Nashville on the WTVF-TV station at the age of nineteen. She started to enjoy her work where she was able to be herself and express her own opinions and share her true feelings when she shifted to morning talk show AM Chicago at WLS-TV in Chicago. The show had become the number one ranked right after she started and it was renamed as The Oprah Winfrey Show after a year. Her show went on to become one of the highest ranked television talk show programs in history with twenty million American viewers every week. She had become famous by hosting her own show, which she really enjoyed that as her career (Fry). Section B A theory of human behaviour emphasizing the drive to overcome feelings of inferiority by compensation and the need to achieve personal goals that have value for society. Individual Psychology by Alfred Adler (Mifflin, 2007). Adlers theory talked about birth order and parenting style impact on personality in his assumptions of human nature. Oprah Winfrey was the only child in her family. According to Adlers theory, only child will tend not to lose primacy and power, besides, he or she will mature at early stage of life and may have certain issues in places where they are not the centre of attention. I believe that Oprah never loses her power based on Adlers theory in birth order, thats why she is able to build up herself again after all the hardships she has been through. But what about her parents parenting style? Basically, her parents were separated from each other and she had been put to a very poor environment with her grandparents when she was six. Thus, she was being neglected instead of pampering, in result, she received too little of attention from parents, and being sexually abuse and molested right until she was fourteen. She was able to endure all the hardships because she believed in her power, which I think the power comes from the nature of birth order that she had it. Upon staying with her father, she started to receive parental love for her father, although it was just single parents love, but I guess she would have been very grateful and appreciate the love. But her father was very strict as well, he had a very high standard for Oprah to aim and achieve more from life. Due to high standard, her behaviour had caused conflict with her fathers strict rules. But she eventually settled down everything after being awarded with a University Scholarship. She changed her wild behaviour because she knew she had a goal to accomplish from this university. As Adler said in his theory, behaviour may change throughout a persons life span in accordance with goals. According to Individual Psychology theory, life is a dynamic towards completion, perfection, superiority and mastery, which Adler is referring to human motivation as striving for superiority. Oprah acquired this human motivation from her own power and will, her fathers love and standard, and the scholarship. Striving for superiority is when one overcompensates for the feeling of inferiority and motivates the individual to seek for perfection and drive him or her to the goal for a total future (Mitchell). I believe that Oprahs striving for superiority is what makes her to be a very successful and talented television talk show host. But according to Adler, he said sometimes inferiority complex might happens as well, inferiority complex is defined as people couldnt overcome it and running away from the challenges, I bet this complex happened to Oprah when she was staying with the mother, which she was sexually abuse and molested. Due to unable to against, she developed inferiority compl ex and endured through all this suffer. Adler also described four different styles of life, which can be created by ourselves because we, human beings are non-deterministic and the life style is developed from the creative power of self (Luttrell, 2009). The four styles of life according to Adler are ruling, getting, avoiding and socially useful. Each of the styles is conceptualized in terms of degree of social interest and activity. I think that different people at different stages and environments in life might eventually shape their personalities based on Adlers styles of life. For instance, Oprah was given a very poor environment at the age of six, thus, she would be the getting type at that moment. She wanted to expect to be given everything she needed as a child, such as parents love, hugs, kisses or even being pampered. Unfortunate, she couldnt get it. In spite of that, she compensated her inferiority and developed superiority complex, thus, she has been shaped from getting type to socially useful type. Adler explained that socially useful type exhibits activity in the service of other and they always confront the life problems and endeavour to resolve them in a manner consistent with the needs of other individuals. Up until now, Oprah still belongs to this style of life; she has touched millions of lives in American and other countries. There are few of her achievements and deeds that really opened my eyes. She was the first black person that was being listed in Business Week as one of Americas top 50 most generous philanthropists (Manohar, 2010). She also invested $40 million in the making of Oprah Winfrey Leadership Academy for girls near Johannesburg in South Africa, which the project was started in January 2007. Even Nelson Mandela congratulated and applauded for her effort of overcoming her own disadvantaged youth to become a benefactor for the people. In my opinion, Alfred Adlers Individual Psychology theory has explained much for me to understand more about Oprah Winfreys background, development, accomplishments and so on. Besides, I would say Oprah Winfrey is a very resilient woman, believing in her own power and healthy striving for superiority to compensate all of her past. As Alder believed that healthy striving is for self-realization, in contributing to humanity, dealing with lifes problems, and in making the world a better place to live. Section C Alfred Adler talked about birth order and parenting style is impactful to the new born babys personality. According to Adler, the only child never loses primacy and power, mature in early stage of life and may have issue in places where they are not the centre of attention. I am the youngest in my family and I have two brothers and one sister, but I would consider myself as the only child. This is because; I had been staying just with my parents since I was 12 years old. My eldest brother pursued his career as a singer, my elder brother is a married man with wife and children and lastly my sister got married to faraway place from our hometown. I believe that Adlers explanation about birth order is reasonable, because Ive been holding up to these primacy and power in my life and I eventually getting mature than other people around my age. For example, I already started to question myself what and how should I end up in my later life, how can I contribute to my parents and Who Am I? Gu ess I found my answer when I was sixteen years old and these primacy and power eventually shaped who I am today. Next, I would classify my parents parenting style as pampering but somehow they are very strict, just like Oprah Winfreys father. So, they are not spoiling or over-protect me as a child. Adler proposed superiority complex and inferiority complex, which I think it happens to everyone at different stages of life. I had developed inferiority complex before when I was a pre-school student. I was discouraged by my teacher due to that I am a very playful child. In result, I tried to seek for acceptance by doing a lot of silly things, but my effort was never come to fruition. I dont have any friends at that time, not even one would be willing to come next to me, unless they want to borrow something. I was running away from any challenges at that time and I gradually withdrew from the community. Fortunately, I came to develop superiority complex when I was seven years old, which Adler mentioned it as striving for superiority. When we ought to have inferiority feelings, we tend to seek and compensate the awful feeling and we motivate ourselves to move away from inferiority and thus strive for superiority. I attended English primary school with multiracial students and teachers. This was the moment; I started to build up myself because I was highly encouraged by my new Indian and Malay friends and school teachers through well-organized co-curriculum in my school instead of being continuously discourage. As I continually to strive for superiority, my life style is developed from the creative power of the self, which Adler explained it as personality types. There are four types of personality, which are ruling, getting, avoiding and socially useful. I believe Adlers style of life will change from time to time and much dependable to the surrounding changes. During my childhood, I belonged to getting type personality because of my parents pampering parenting style. I always expect to be given everything that I need. After that, especially being put into a bad per-school, I guess I am slightly moving into avoiding type as I tried to avoid challenges, problems and withdrew from social interest and activity until I attended my primary school. As I grew older and moving into teen stage, I came to know myself better and I joined many church activities that helped me to find my identity and role. I eventually developed the socially useful personality type. Most of the church activities that I had participated were mostly charity and volunteer works, guess all these had shaped me to exhibit activity in the service of others. Thus, I am able to confront life tasks and attempt to resolve problems in a proper manner with the needs of other individuals. Although, I am a socially useful type right now, part of my getting type and avoiding type are still reside in me, ju st not that influential anymore. Here I am today, a leader for Famine 30 2010 camp in my own college with full of passion to help the poverty children all around the world.

Strategic Planning Essay -- Business Planning Essays

Strategic Planning 1.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Appraise the formal planning efforts at the Copley Company for the period 1981 to 1984. INTRODUCTION Copley Manufacturing Company was primarily a manufacturer of a wide line of cutting tools and related parts and supplies. Late in 1980, Mr. Sagan, director of corporate development and Mr. Albert, executive vice president agreed that regular formal planning should become part of management’s way of life at Copley. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY In 1981, Copley Manufacturing Company had begun formal corporatewide planning. The formalized planning was ingrained into life at Copley through a series of visits by corporate groups, planning review meetings, as well as planning response meetings. However in 1982, the planning system was modified where the planning committee separated the formal planning cycle into three phases – Strategy Development phase, Quantitative phase and Action phase. In 1983, the planning process was largely influenced and administered by Mr. Tyler, the executive vice president. For recent development in 1984, the actual responsibility for planning has been placed directly on the executive vice president, group vice presidents and also division managers. DISCUSSION OF SITUATION IN 1981 In February 1981, Mr. Albert formed a corporate planning committee as the first step to move toward a regular formal planning process. In the discussion held, the planning committee decided on the process of ingraining the formalized planning into the life at Copley. On 21st March 1981, Mr. Albert requested the division general managers to sketch out a plan for regular formal planning and schedule for starting such an effort. The main objective of that effort is to issue guidelines for the preparation of divisional â€Å"provisional plans† (Brethauer 1999). On 6th June 1981, the corporate groups, which always included Mr. Albert and Mr. Sagan, had visited to the divisions constantly as an initial concept of formal planning activities. In the introductory meetings, Mr. Albert explained the importance of the planning effort, and Mr. Sagan explained the details. On 1st October 1981, the divisions, as well as the corporate staff groups, were asked to produce and submit the five-year plans. In November and December 1981, planning review meetings were held to review the divisional plans. On 28th December 1981, th... ...981 and modified in later years, leading Copley to attain success.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The top management had been continuously putting effort in making planning a way of life for Copley. Weaknesses  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The 1982 changes in top management were temporarily disruptive to the planning effort.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Considerable effort was required to assimilate the acquired company and work out the split-up of Cutting Tool Division.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Division managers had been planning largely to satisfy the requirements but had failed to commit to the plans. Opportunities  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The 10-year look indicated that Copley’s profit was sensitive to cyclical swings, and large cash flow could be expected.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Copley was mainly concerned in achieving future outgrowth through acquisition and merger.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Copley is expected to reach a minimum annual profit growth of 10 percent and a return on equity of 12.5 percent. Threats  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The depressed market conditions might result in Copley’s extensive loss.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  It was fearful that Copley would revert to a short-term orientation if it continued along the present path.M  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is a great tendency in American business to over manage, over plan, over staff, and over organize.

Constructing Your Health Decisions

Constructing Your Health Decisions Technology has overcome the population and few people are aware of various health issues it has caused. By simply sitting in an office behind a computer can cause problem from our backs and eyes to our balance. Office workers are the most at risk, and experts say it is important we monitor our workplace health.This can be avoided by going for a brisk walk at lunch, a stroll around the office every hour, and checking our posture by standing with your heels and back against the wall and seeing how far back you have to move your head until it touches the wall too. Also the television is one of the most popular forms of media all over the world. It can enhance ones appearance to have the viewer intrigued and question themselves like â€Å"why can't I look like that†. Instead of getting up and going for a walk or hanging out with friends, television, has us caught up in our homes.Another major media downfall that influences one's health is the int ernet. Let's say I have symptoms of a common cold for weeks that does not go away, I can type in my symptoms on the internet and various options will come out. Now I can assume I have a major medical issue without even consulting with a doctor. A person has the responsibility of enhancing their health by choosing healthier foods and exercising more. They can choose to not be influenced by the media. Also by doing activities that Improve our self-esteem can lustily how we will portray ourselves to the world.

The Military- Industrial Complex

In the farewell speech of Dwight D. Eisenhower to the U. S. citizens, the president urged the nation on ‘the dangers of allowing a Military- Industrial Complex to take control of the United States’ (Lovik, par. 1). The Military-Industrial Complex is used to denote the symbiotic relationship that is present between politics, a nation’s military and the economy. The idea behind this relationship is that the nation will continue to invest a lot of its economy into contracts of the military (Lovik, par. 1-3). There is no doubt that the military- industrial complex has raised controversies in America. The Military-Industrial Complex CreationFrom its definition, this concept indicates that there is a healthy relationship between the companies that are specialized in producing equipments and weapons for war and the parties given the mandate to manage the wars. In other terms, this is referred to as ‘War for profits’, which can be tracked from the days where navy ships power and the arms races ruled the empires. The arms races that existed between Spain, Britain’s and France’s European powers were seen as a primal version of the current situations. It came up from the idea that all countries had to establish and build up a strong military which would be considered to be in power.(Military Complex, par. 1-3). Ike was very instrumental in discouraging the U. S. citizens from the military industrial complex. He stated that public policy would become a scientific-technological elite captive. This was because of the immense costs that were involved, as the government was in a contract. Consequently, the contract becomes almost a substitute for intellectual curiosity (Watts). Conclusion There is no doubt that the military- industrial complex is something which evoked great controversy in the US. Up to date, there is so much criticism associated with it. Significance of the four termsWinston Churchill is well known for leading Gr eat Britain in World War Two. After joining several political parties, Winston was elected as MP for Northwest Manchester and later Dundee between 1910 and 1922(History Learning Site, par. 1-4). It is at this period that he made a remarkable change in parliament, as he came up with the labor exchanges. He also advocated for modernization as far as war was concerned, as he supported the use of planes in combat. Additionally, he urged the government to be pro-active about Hitler and the Nazis. He completely refused to accept defeat or refusal, something that made him get honor.Due to his well played role in the war, he won a Nobel Prize for Literature in 1953 (History Learning Site, par. 12-17). Nagasaki was a secluded village which only received its recognition in 1542. It became the only harbor where foreign ships were let in. In 1859, Nagasaki was declared a free port, and modernization began in the area, as it had an economic dominance. The main industry in the area was ship- buil ding, which was very important because most of the ships that were used by the Japanese Navy during the war were built in its docks and factories.However, the city was rebuilt after the destruction of the war, and up to date, it is still the first and peaceful port city with a rich shipping industry (Japanese Lifestyle, par. 7-9). Russia and the Western Allies always had differences on the rebuilding of Germany, as a result of the tension that was present between them. As a result, Russia chocked off the Western Allies from getting their supplies. The Berlin Airlift was introduced by Commander Sir Brian Robertson from Britain, and it proved to be a solution to the situation. It was also referred to as Operation warfare, and included a huge cooperative effort between several nations.The Berlin Airlift was successful as several supplies, plus tons of foods were moved over to the Western Allies during the blockade period (Wise Geek, par. 2). The ‘Hollywood Ten’ is a short film which was produced as a result of the government being blinded by fear. It is of a great historical importance to America, and resulted from the real life story of ten Hollywood men in the film industry. They were accused of being involved in pro-communist activities, and were charged to a one year prison term. Their story was filmed to show their unsuccessful fight against the blinded leadership system (Mendoza, par.2). Works Cited History Learning Site. Winston Churchill. History learning Site, 2010. Web. 6 Jun, 2010. Japanese Lifestyle. Nagasaki History. Japanese lifestyle, 2 Mar, 2010. Web. 6 Jun, 2010. Lovik John. The World of Military Industrial Complex. Political Suite, 10 Sep, 2010. Web. 6 Jun, 2010. Mendoza Luis. Sad Testimony of an Era. IMDB, 21 Aug, 2006. Web.6 Jun, 2010. Military Industrial Complex. What is Military –Industrial Complex, 2010. Web. 6 Jun, 2010. Wisegeek. What was the Berlin Airlift, 2010. Web. 6 Jun, 2010. Watts Antony. Ike’s Seco nd Warning, Hint: It is not the â€Å"Military Industrial Complex†, Watts Up With that, 21 Feb, 2009. Web. 6 Jun, 2010,